Modern Canada — Diversity, Economy & Identity
Modern Canada is defined by its diversity, bilingualism, and role in the world. These themes frequently appear on the citizenship test.
Multiculturalism
Canada was the first country to adopt multiculturalism as official policy (1971). The Canadian Multiculturalism Act (1988) recognizes that multiculturalism is a fundamental characteristic of Canadian heritage and identity. Canada welcomes immigrants from around the world and values cultural diversity.
Bilingualism
English and French are Canada's official languages. The Official Languages Act (1969) gives both equal status in federal institutions. New Brunswick is the only officially bilingual province.
Canada's Economy
Canada has one of the world's largest economies. Key sectors include natural resources (oil, minerals, forestry), manufacturing, services, technology, and agriculture. Learn more in our economy study guide.
International Role
Canada is a member of NATO, the United Nations, the G7, the Commonwealth, La Francophonie, and NORAD. Canada has a strong tradition of peacekeeping and international development.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Canada adopt multiculturalism?
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